BARRIER HANDLING DEVICE OF NUCLEAR REACTOR AND LINEAR DISPLACEMENT MAGNETIC DAMPER DEVICE

专利摘要:
The present invention relates to an absorbent bar handling device (1) (11) for the control of a nuclear reactor, comprising (a) an upper engine compartment (2) placed on the slab (10) for closing the tank (13) of the reactor, (b) a rod control rod (3), extending in said upper engine compartment (2) and in a guide sleeve (3a) extending within said tank , comprising a magnetic shock absorbing device (9) comprising a magnetic damper comprising a first damper element (9-1) consisting of a permanent magnet, said first damping element being able to slide in relative displacement vis-à-vis screw of a second damper element (9-2) made of materials of low electrical resistance, preferably of copper.
公开号:FR3035260A1
申请号:FR1555062
申请日:2015-06-03
公开日:2016-10-21
发明作者:Jean-Luc Arlaud；Daniel Cypres；Adrien Robert
申请人:Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique CEA；Comex Nucleaire SAS；Commissariat a lEnergie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives CEA；
IPC主号:

专利说明:

[0001] 1 Bar handling device for a nuclear reactor and magnetic damping device for linear displacement. The present invention relates to a magnetic damping device capable of slowing a linear displacement of an object, in particular of vertical displacement in the event of a gravity fall, and an absorbent bar handling device responsible for controlling the power of a nuclear reactor, comprising preferably fast neutron type ("RNR"), specifically sodium cooled. Generally, in a nuclear reactor, the continuous control of the chain reaction is ensured by means of absorbent bars made of neutron-absorbing materials which make it possible to control the neutron power of the reactor, for example a boron-based material. These absorbent bars are also called "control rods" or "control rods". These absorbent bars are arranged vertically able to be displaced in vertical translation in sleeves between the fuel rods. These absorbent bars can be raised (extracted) or lowered depending on the desired neutron flux. They thus make it possible to control the reactor. More specifically, the absorbent bars are housed in ducts with a geometrical section identical to the fuel assemblies (in particular of hexagonal shape) so as to constitute, together, a dense beam constituting the reactor core. The power of the fuel assemblies is zero when the absorbent bars are in their housings; and, it is regulated, from zero power to maximum power, depending on the extraction height of the absorbent bars, positioned outside their housing. Fast neutron reactors ("NRRs") have been designed to use fissile material (uranium and plutonium) as nuclear fuel, more completely than in thermal neutron reactors. The coolant may be a liquid metal, such as sodium or a gas such as helium. The present invention relates more particularly to an absorbent bar handling method for controlling the neutron flux emitted by the fuel assemblies of a sodium-cooled fast neutron reactor ("RNR-Na") nuclear reactor, by relative translation of a so-called absorbent bar relative to its sleeve, itself disposed within the fuel rods.
[0002] Usually referred to as a "bar control mechanism" in the field concerned, the functions expected of an absorbent bar handling device are: - Maintaining at a given position the absorbent bar; 5 - Perform the insertion or extraction of the absorbent bar of its sheath-shaped housing among the constituent fuel assemblies of the reactor core; - Drop the absorber bar into its housing in the event of an emergency shutdown request from the reactor. The different types of absorbent bar handling devices 10 previously made or existing on operating reactors have substantially the same design. They comprise, as illustrated in FIG. 1: an upper engine compartment 2 placed on the closure slab 10 of the reactor vessel, enclosing the upper part of a rod commonly referred to as a bar control rod 3, said compartment 2 enclosing motorized means 2-1 of mechanical transmission 2-2, 2-3 and of type displacement control, either pinion / rack or screw-nut, and - said bar control rod 3 which serves physical connection between said motorized means 2-1, controlling translational movements of said control rod at its upper end and an absorbent bar gripper 4 or gripper at its lower end, and - said gripper 4 being capable of grasping the upper end of an absorbent bar 11 (shown in FIG. 1A) arranged in the extension of and in alignment with the control rod 3, and - a second rod 5-1 for controlling gripper disposed in a central cavity of the bar control rod, which second gripper control rod driven by motorized means within said engine compartment 2 controlling by its displacements in vertical translation and independent of the rod control rod 3, the operations of opening / closing the gripper such as gripper fingers, and 3035260 3 - a guide sleeve 3a through the closure slab 10 of the reactor vessel and extending within said tank, said guide sleeve enclosing the lower portion of the bar control rod 3 extending below the closure slab, and first resilient sealing means 7b in the form of metal bellows closing the space between said guide sleeve. 3a and said bar control rod 3 allowing the translation of said bar control rod within said guide sleeve, and - second iron means flexible airtight seal 7a in the form of metal bellows closing the space between said rod control rod 3 and the second gripper control rod 5-1 by allowing the translation of said gripper control rod 5-1 within 3. Like the rod control rod, the second gripper control rod rises back to the engine compartment 2. The metal bellows 7a, 7b protect against the sodium aerosols resulting from the evaporation of the high temperature liquid sodium contained in the reactor vessel, the motorization means and other mechanical elements cooperating in relative movements of the handling device that constitute the mobile part of the bar handling device within the vessel and within the compartment motorization above the tank. In the absence of said flexible closure gussets, the sodium aerosols 20 would cause an increase in friction between mechanical elements in relative displacements, and settle in the form of solid deposits on the "cold" parts blocking their operation. The bar-handling device also has: - a fast automatic shutdown device 8b of the reactor by gravity falling of the mobile equipment including the fall of the bar control rod 3 and the absorbing bar 11 which is attached; which fall can be made by de-energizing a magnetic holding electromagnet 8b of two metal pieces together (one of which is positioned on the moving part), and - a damping device 9a of the gravity drop of the mobile part, and 3035260 4 - a device for injecting argon gas into the upper compartment 2 serving as a barrier to sodium aerosols (not shown in Figure 1). The fall damping device (known by the term "dashpot" in English) is generally gas or oil technology as explained below.
[0003] Extraction of the absorbent bar 11 from its sheath 12, by vertical and controlled translation, by the mobile part of the bar-handling device makes it possible to vary the level of reactivity of the core. This control mode is normal operation. In a situation requiring a rapid stop of the reactivity of the core, the bar-handling device must have a function enabling the absorbent bar to be inserted in a very short time into its housing within the tank, thus causing the anti reactivity necessary to shut down the reactor. The insertion of the absorbent bar in the folded position is caused by the gravity drop of the moving part of the handling device. This gravitational fall is triggered by the release of a locking component 8b allowing the mechanical elements of the movable part of the device to be dropped with the gripping of an absorbing bar at its lower end. This action is supported by the damping device 9a for damping at the end of the race the energy of the gravity drop of the movable mechanism to preserve the integrity of the absorbent bar. The use of existing bar handling devices for several decades has shown a number of mechanical malfunctions.
[0004] The purpose of the dampers is to limit the kinetic energy of the falling part of the mechanisms in order to avoid excessive shocks, particularly on the bar. There are mainly four types of different damping devices: mechanical, gas, oil, and sodium. The first bar mechanisms had a mechanical braking system comprising, for example, a beveled element secured to the movable equipment allowing its braking by fitting into a fixed braking jaw. This mechanical braking system has been abandoned because of the excessive mechanical stress on the parts due to excessive deceleration. There is known a gas damper device consisting essentially of a cylinder filled with argon in which slides a piston connected to the rod control rod. The discharged gas is returned to an expanding volume by an external pipe, the device thus operating with a constant gas mass trapped in the cylinder. The piston of the damper can slide on the control rod. It is stopped in this race by a device called parachute consisting of tubes crashing under the effect of a deceleration greater than a predefined value. This parachute is in fact a stop, in low position, plastically deformable so as to limit the deceleration in the event of failure of the damper, and prevent the bar from beating on the bed base of the reactor through its sheath . This type of gas damping must be positioned in the upper part of the upper compartment of the bar handling device which hampers accessibility to the other 10 subset elements in the maintenance phase. There is also known an oil damping device also comprising a chamber filled with oil and an annular piston, the central portion being reserved for the passage of the rod control rod. The chamber consists of 2 concentric rings. The annular piston slides between the two ferrules. The outer shell is pierced with a series of holes, the position of which makes it possible to drive the oil out of the annular compartment and thus achieve the desired damping law. When the head of the moving element comes into contact with the annular piston, it sinks into the chamber filled with oil and forces it to pass through the holes of the outer chimney. In another known embodiment, the end-of-fall damping of the mechanism is done by an oil damper placed on the upper part of a rack-and-pinion block of said motorized means controlling the translational movements of said rod. command. The damping device consists of a double-walled low-pressure reservoir containing the oil, a high-pressure reservoir forming a cylinder and a piston which receives the movement of the moving equipment via springs which cushion the initial impact. The piston is hollowed with grooves which allow a calibrated leakage of the oil. Return springs are provided for resetting the device and high and low limit switch contacts ensure that the damper operates properly. In case of failure of the latter, a "dry damper" formed of six layers of sections of steel tubes absorbs the kinetic energy of the moving equipment.
[0005] Finally, we know a so-called sodium damping device whose damping fluid is directly sodium from the tank. This device is most often integrated directly to control bars that fall alone during an emergency stop. A piston moves in a sleeve bolted to the sleeve and pierced with orifices calibrated so as to obtain adequate braking of the moving element. The present invention is particularly concerned with the improvement of the end-of-fall damping device.
[0006] The present invention also relates in particular to the treatment of mechanical defects resulting from the wear or rupture of the metal sealing bellows having caused sodium rise along the rods. These leaks are responsible for the accumulation of sodium aerosol deposits on the moving mechanical parts causing friction or seizure and blocking mechanisms 10 requiring maintenance operations. The present invention aims more generally to simplify the general design of the device to reduce the time of maintenance operations. The main purpose of the invention is therefore to enhance the reliability of these existing bar handling devices.
[0007] To this end, the present invention provides an absorbent bar handling device for the control of a nuclear reactor, preferably a sodium-cooled fast neutron reactor ("RNR") comprising: - an upper engine compartment mounted on the reactor vessel closure slab, enclosing motorized control transmission means for displacing a first rod referred to as a rod control rod, said bar control rod extending for its upper portion in said upper motor compartment and for its lower part in a guide sleeve extending within said tank, passing through a cavity of the closure slab of the reactor vessel, and 25 - an absorbent bar gripper device called gripper attached to the lower end of said bar control rod, said gripper being adapted to grip the upper end of a bar absorbent rod disposed in the extension of and in alignment with the rod control rod; - an emergency shutdown device for the reactor capable of causing the gravity drop in the rod control rod reactor and the said absorbent bar when it is grasped by said gripper at the lower end of the bar control rod, and - a drop damping device adapted to slow down the fall in the reactor of the rod control rod 5, in the event of a free gravity drop of said bar control rod, in particular when said automatic shutdown device of the reactor authorizes the gravitational fall of said bar control rod, characterized in that said fall-damping device comprises a magnetic damper comprising a first damper element consisting of a permanent magnet, preferably a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, said first damping element being suitable for working in relative displacement vis-à-vis a second damper element of low electrical resistance materials, preferably copper, preferably disposed at least partially below the first damper element before a said relative displacement by in relation to said second damper element, the relative displacement of said first damper element facing said second damper element occurring during the gravitational fall of said bar control rod, and being able to induce a current in said second damper element generating a magnetic field and a force opposing said relative displacement of said first damper element with respect to said second damper element.
[0008] In known manner, the magnetic field of the permanent magnet of the first damper element called the inductor in relative displacement with respect to the second damper element is thus able to induce in the second damper element of low electrical resistance materials. preferably copper, called conductor, an eddy current the latter generating a Laplace force opposing said relative displacement of the first damper element relative to the second damper element. The principle of operation of the magnetic braking is known to those skilled in the art as resulting from the variation of a magnetic flux, at the constant origin, modified by the relative displacement of a magnetic mass and a mass of low electrical resistance, the magnetic field of the magnetic mass (first damper element) in relative displacement with respect to the mass of low electrical resistance (second damper element) being able to induce an electromotive force in the mass of weak electrical resistance (second damper element) generating in turn an eddy current thereof generating a magnetic field and a Laplace force proportional to the relative speed of movement of the magnetic mass (first damper element) relative to to the ground of low electrical resistance (second damper element) and opposing said relative displacement. In practice, in the configuration of the rudder mechanism, when the mechanism is released, the penetration of the permanent magnet into the zone of influence of the conducting medium will produce a braking force, first of maximum intensity, then equilibrate with the stabilization of the falling speed, which allows this final speed not to be too high to minimize the impact on a mechanical abutment or to have a supplementary system for absorbing the residual energy if necessary.
[0009] This magnetic damping device advantageously replaces the gas or oil damping devices operating on the principle of a piston compressing a volume of gas or oil pushed towards a calibrated output. Indeed, the magnetic eddy current damper according to the present invention, has the advantage of a significant simplification of the number of mechanical parts involved. Here we move from a pneumatic or hydraulic piston type mechanism, to a two-element system (a permanent magnetic type inductor, and a low electrical resistance material) assembled to slide one into the other. Such a device therefore has the advantage over the hydraulic or pneumatic systems to involve a physical property of magnetic materials without resorting to a technological chain (fluid, servocontrol ...), and to be without special maintenance or wear because without contact. But the most important interest is that the damper remains permanently operational, without resorting to activation. It is the falling speed of the inductor present on the moving equipment in gravity which generates the braking force. This braking force is intrinsic to the displacement of the inductor. Such a device can be qualified passive operation device because it does not depend on any external condition which is highly appreciated in light of nuclear safety rules. More particularly, said fall-damping device constituting a magnetic damper comprises: a said first damper element secured to the said bar control rod and / or capable of being driven in a gravity fall, in the event of a free gravitational fall; of said rod control rod, and - a said second fixed damper element and located above an element of said reactor which can serve as a mechanical stop for retaining said first damper element in case of a fall free gravity of the said bar control rod. More particularly still, said drop damper device constituting a magnetic damper comprises: - a said first damper element secured to an element of said motorized transmission means 10 for controlling the displacements of the control rod, and capable of being driven in gravitational fall, in the event of a free gravity drop of said bar control rod, within said upper compartment, and - a said second fixed damper element and situated above an element of said upper compartment which can be used mechanical stopper retaining said first damper element in case of free gravity drop of said rod control rod. More particularly still, said fall-damping device constituting a magnetic damper comprises: a second damping element made of materials of low electrical resistance, preferably made of copper, in the form of a cylindrical, fixed shell disposed coaxially (X (') in Lower part of said upper compartment, and a first damper element able to slide coaxially inside the shell of said second damper element.In this embodiment, the inductor is positioned on the mobile equipment. In another configuration, it can be dissociated and positioned in the proximity of the armature so as to be assembled together to form a single piece by allowing a relative sliding of the inductor and the driver or armature. In the latter case, an element of the moving equipment strikes the inductor during its fall and causes its relative displacement by rap. Another object of the invention is to enhance the reliability of these existing bar-handling devices, the failures of which are a consequence of the corrosive effects of sodium aerosols seeping into the mechanical elements. moving and creating mechanical blockages, caused essentially by the rupture of metal bellows. To do this, the inventors have also sought solutions for improving metal bellows sealing on waveforms more tolerant to the phenomenon of mechanical fatigue, or on the establishment of double jacket for the detection of drilling of the first envelope before breaking the seal. But these improvements ultimately allow only to delay the onset of leakage. Therefore, the present invention provides a novel bar-handling device including the replacement of metal bellows by the provision of: - a static containment barrier separating the bar control rod in a sodium environment atmosphere and all the components of a mechanical motion transmission compartment by contact out of the sodium environment, and - magnetic coupling devices transmitting to said bar control rod a mechanical movement without contact through the said containment barrier, in addition to the mechanical transmission devices of existing contact movements within the engine compartment outside said confinement barrier outside the sodium environment. This transmission of motion involves the implementation of a magnetic coupling system 20 acting through a confinement barrier of non-magnetic material, in the form of a non-magnetic sealing bell. More specifically, the present invention provides an absorbent bar-handling device for the control of a nuclear reactor, preferably a sodium-cooled fast neutron reactor ("RNR"), comprising: - a static containment enclosure; non-magnetic material disposed within said upper compartment, bell-shaped comprising a side wall of revolution, preferably cylindrical, open at its base sealingly attached to the closure slab of the reactor vessel around the cavity of the slab closure system traversed by said guide sleeve, 3035260 11 - a first synchronous synchronous magnetic linear motion translation transmission system without mechanical contact comprising: - a first external component comprising a block of permanent magnet (s) (s) ), preferably consisting of an alternation of permanent magnets separated by soft ferromagnetic elements, said block being disposed within said engine upper compartment outside of said confinement enclosure, and able to be displaced in vertical translation, and - a first internal component comprising at least one soft ferromagnetic element, disposed within said confinement enclosure, secured to the upper part of said bar control rod, the magnetic coupling force of said first external component and said first internal component allowing when the first external component is displaced in vertical translation that the said first internal component and the bar control rod follow a displacement in said vertical translation, - said engine compartment comprising first motorized mechanical means for transmitting displacements in translation of said first external component of said first magnetic coupling system. It will be understood that said first external and internal components are arranged facing each other on either side of the lateral wall of the sealed containment enclosure with a reduced air gap allowing their connection. magnetic. We refer here to "soft ferromagnetic element" with magnetic properties, namely that the main property of this material is that it is easily magnetized and rapidly loses its magnetization capacity once it is no longer subjected to a magnetic field, unlike hard magnetic materials that do not demagnetize, especially those based on rare earths, such as neodymium. In one embodiment, the two said first internal component and said first external component each comprise an alternation of permanent magnets separated by soft ferromagnetic elements. This configuration makes it possible to increase the coupling power and reduce the dimensions of the coupling.
[0010] More particularly, said upper engine compartment contains a first motor, preferably of the geared motor type, cooperating with first mechanical contact transmission means 3035260 12 comprising a first gear and at least one satellite roller screw or a ball screw. The said static containment enclosure of the device according to the invention makes it possible to confine the mechanically aggressive environment of the sodium aerosols 5 coming from the tank inside said enclosure and to isolate without risk of leakage the mechanical parts in relative movements by contact of the chain of transmission of the movements, outside said enclosure. This is made possible by implementing a said magnetic motion transmission coupling to the rod control rod acting through the wall of the sealed enclosure.
[0011] The advantage of the invention lies in the possibility of protecting the mechanical transmission chain by contact by positioning it out of the aggressive environment of sodium aerosols, while guaranteeing the transmission of a mechanical movement to a single component (here the bar control bar) located in the aggressive environment. In practice, the invention makes it possible to eliminate failures due to sodium aerosols recorded on existing devices. The fact of no longer having moving parts relative to each other by weak mechanical play in the presence of sodium aerosols eliminates the risk of wear and friction lock. In addition, because all the components in mechanical relative displacements by contact of the mechanical transmission chain are external to the environment of sodium aerosols, the chemical and nuclear risks are reduced for the operators in situation of maintenance, the need for nuclear and chemical decontamination being limited to the rod control rod. This ability offered by magnetic coupling technologies to mechanically interact with a component in an aggressive medium through a wall / sealed enclosure, is therefore particularly advantageous in the nuclear sector, which also seeks to limit the spread of any nuclear contamination. The advantage of magnetic couplings, without contact and therefore without wear is also significantly reduce the intervention time for maintenance of the device, which increases the availability. The containment enclosure makes it difficult to actuate the gripper by a gripper control rod 30 controlled in translation through the wall of the containment chamber differentially with respect to the rod control rod. Moreover, the maintenance of a control rod of the gripper would persist a risk of presence of sodium aerosols in the games between two rods. These considerations have led to the invention involving a new type of gripper actuated by a second magnetic coupling acting through the confinement barrier, by rotating a guide shaft inserted in the upper part of the control rod. of bar.
[0012] Preferably, the bar handling device according to the invention further comprises: - said engine upper compartment comprising second motorized mechanical means for transmitting rotational movements of said rod control rod along its longitudinal axis; and a gripper adapted to be actuated to grip or respectively release the end of said control bar by rotation of said rod control rod along its longitudinal axis. With the disappearance of the clamp control rod from the existing bar handling devices, the mechanical games of parts moving in contact relative to the interior of said enclosure disappear and do not cause fear of aerosol deposits that would be the cause of mechanical blockages. More particularly, said gripper at the lower end of said control rod forms a grapple comprising a plurality of fingers disposed in the rod direction of the rod control rod in the retracted position and pivotable or flexable for rotation. angularly move away from the axis of the control rod and / or expand radially, reversibly, under the axial rotation action of the bar control rod, to cooperate with the upper portion of the absorbent bar and hang there to grab the absorbent bar. More particularly, said gripper comprises at least two mutually cooperating parts in helical connection by screwing with: a first threaded portion secured to the end of the rod control rod, said first fixed part comprising downstream of its threaded portion, an area with an enlarged diameter of its section, and - a second threaded portion adapted to move in translation relative to said first threaded portion by screwing with respect to one another, - said second threaded portion supporting said flexible fingers which deviate radially when they meet said enlarged diameter zone of said first threaded portion due to the relative translation of the two threaded portions and threaded by relative screwing resulting from the rotation of the bar control rod causing the relative rotation of the first threaded portion relative to the second portion Udee. Preferably, the device comprises a second rod called guide shaft, inserted in a central cavity of the upper part of said rod control rod, preferably in the longitudinal axis of the sidewall of revolution of said enclosure. sealing confinement, said control rod being able to slide relative to said guide shaft when it is actuated in translation by said first magnetic coupling system, said guide shaft being locked in vertical translation and capable of being rotated about its longitudinal axis (> 0 ('), said guide shaft being adapted to cooperate with said central cavity so that the rotation of the guide shaft about its longitudinal axis (> 0 (') causes the rod control rod to rotate about its longitudinal axis (> 0 ('), so that the rotation of the bar control rod results from the rotation of the guide shaft. moreover, it is the shape of the section of the guide shaft which cooperates with that of the central cavity of the upper part of said rod control rod 20 and which ensures both a sliding connection (movement along of the axis of the guide shaft) and a pivot connection (rotation about the axis of the guide shaft), allowing movements in relative linear displacement of the control rod relative to the guide shaft and in simultaneous rotation of the control rod with the guide shaft, ie a sliding pivot connection, independently of the relative position of the magnetic coupling in translation with respect to the guide shaft. More preferably, the bar-handling device according to the invention further comprises: a second synchronous magnetic coupling system for rotational motion transmission without mechanical contact comprising: a second internal component comprising at least one ferromagnetic element soft, disposed within said sealed confinement enclosure, fixed in vertical translation, capable of being displaced in rotation along the longitudinal axis of said enclosure, integral with a said guide shaft, and - a second component outer member comprising a block of permanent magnet (s), preferably consisting of an alternation of permanent magnets separated by soft ferromagnetic elements, said block being disposed within said engine compartment outside the said sealed containment chamber, and able to be displaced in rotation along the longitudinal axis of the lateral wall of revolution of the pregnant e of sealed confinement, and the magnetic coupling force of said second external component and second inner component of said second magnetic coupling system allowing said second external component to be displaced in said rotation as said second internal component, said the guide and the bar control rod follow the same displacement in said rotation along their same longitudinal axis, - said upper motorization compartment comprising second motorized mechanical means for transmitting displacements in said rotation of said second outer component along the axis longitudinal side wall of the revolution of the sealed containment enclosure, said upper compartment preferably containing mechanical gear transmission means of gear-like gears. More particularly, the two said second internal and external components are fixed in translation.
[0013] It will be understood that said second external and internal components are arranged facing each other on either side of the wall of the sealed containment enclosure with a reduced air gap and coaxially with respect to each other. to the longitudinal axis of said lateral wall of revolution of the containment enclosure. Synchronous magnetic coupling systems are known to those skilled in the art. This technology implements the principle of magnetic attraction, that is to say the existence of a holding force related to the intensity of the magnetic induction of a magnetic field developed by a permanent magnet. The inductive portion consisting of a permanent magnet on one side of the nonmagnetic wall is a generator of field lines coming to close on the induced part consisting of a metal part of the soft ferromagnetic element on the other side of the nonmagnetic wall. The technology of magnetic couplings makes it possible to transmit non-contact movements through a non-magnetic wall as soon as the air gap between the permanent magnet and the ferromagnetic element 3035260 16 remains low. Magnetic couplings can be used for drives in linear translation or rotational drives. The two elements separated by the nonmagnetic watertight bell are also referred to as the "leading" or "inductive" part for the part carrying the permanent magnets and "driven part" or "induced" for the magnetically bonded part. More particularly, the first linear translational motion transmission magnetic coupling system comprises: a first external component consisting of a magnet disposed coaxially with said side wall of revolution of the enclosure, in the form of a stack of permanent magnet rings, preferably of neodymium-iron-boron alloy, separated by crowns of plates of soft iron, and a first internal component disposed coaxially with said side wall of revolution of the enclosure and consisting of at least one stack of soft iron crowns fixed in the upper part of the control rod.
[0014] Crowns of permanent magnets and soft iron elements can be alternately distributed on both the inner and outer components. This arrangement makes it possible to increase the coupling power and to reduce the dimensions of the coupling. Likewise, the second rotational movement magnetic coupling system comprises: a second external component consisting of an annular permanent magnet block disposed coaxially with said sidewall of revolution of the enclosure, preferably a rare earth neodymium-iron-boron alloy, and a second internal component consisting of at least one soft iron element fixed in the upper part of said guide shaft arranged coaxially with said sidewall of revolution of the enclosure. In known manner, the term "soft iron" refers to both iron and mild steel. More particularly, said second rotational movement transmitting magnetic coupling system comprises: a second outer component consisting of an assembly of permanent magnet elements separated by soft iron elements arranged side by side at same radial distance from said side wall of revolution of the enclosure, the contour of each of said elements each having a shape of circular arc section, preferably of the same arc section, and - a second internal component consisting of an assembly of soft iron elements arranged side by side at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis (X (') of the upper part of said guide shaft, the contour of each of said elements each having a Likewise, the bar-handling device according to the invention further comprises a diagonal section of a circular arc, preferably of the same circular arc section. reactor emergency shutdown device comprising a component called a magnetic sucker comprising a permanent magnet combined with an electromagnetic coil within said engine upper compartment outside the said sealed containment enclosure so that: suction cup is secured to a suction cup support, said upper engine compartment comprising first motorized mechanical means for transmitting displacement in translation of said suction cup support; the electrical activation of said electromagnetic coil modifies the magnetic field generated by the magnet of the magnetic suction cup which closes on a metal part of said first external component of the first magnetic coupling system and creates a connection by magnetic bonding between said suction cup and the first external component of the first magnetic coupling system thus ensuring translational displacement of said first external component by displacement of said suction cup support, and - absence of electrical activation of said restored electromagnetic coil the magnetic field of the magnet of said suction cup which field is no longer directed on a metal part of the first external component of the first magnetic coupling system and thus allows the gravitational fall of said first magnetic coupling system and thus the fall gravity of said absorbent bar when it is seized by the said gripper at the lower end of the bar control rod.
[0015] The magnetic sucker has the particularity of integrating an electromagnetic coil, not to achieve the magnetic bonding force as in the prior art, but to change the orientation of the magnetic flux generated by a permanent magnet. Thus the magnetic suction cup has 2 states -ON and OFF - which are the consequence of the power supply or not of the electromagnetic coil. In the case where the electromagnetic coil is active, the field generated by the inductor permanent magnet closes on a metal part of the movable support element consisting of all the components driven in axial displacement for the handling of the absorbent bar. including the rod control rod, the gripper and the absorbent control bar. Conversely, the magnetic field of the inductor points to another part of the mechanism to cancel the hold and cause the bar to drop. This magnetic suction pad makes it possible to implement a less powerful electromagnetic coil than in the prior art in which only an electromagnetic coil (not coupled to a magnet) provided the automatic reactor shutdown device. This assembly also makes it possible for the moving part in gravity to fall during the deactivation of the electromagnetic coil to be relatively lightened since the transmission means controlling displacements in translation of said suction pad support are not dragged into the chute but remain fixed. Absorption of the falling energy of the moving part of the mechanism in case of urgent reactor shutdown demand is carried out in the present invention by an eddy current magnetic damper. More particularly, the drop damper device constituting a magnetic damper comprises: a second fixed cylindrical ferrule-shaped damper element disposed coaxially in the lower part of said upper compartment outside said enclosure, preferably arranged fixed on a lower flange of the sealing bell, and - a first damper element consisting of a permanent magnet fixed coaxially to said first external component of said first magnetic coupling system, able to slide coaxially inside the ferrule of said second damper element 30 in the annular space between said ferrule and the cylindrical side wall of said enclosure, when said automatic shutdown device of the reactor allows the release of said first component of said first magnetic coupling system , preferably said 3035260 19 first damper element being in form an inductor block formed of a stack of permanent magnet rings at the lower end of said first external component of the first magnetic coupling system having a hollow tubular shape whose central perforation is traversed by said cylindrical wall of the bell 5 sealing. Here the conductive mass, in the form of a copper ferrule, is fixed in the lower part of the upper compartment to the outside of the containment bell and constitutes the armature of the damper. The magnetic mass, preferably a rare earth alloy (neodymium-iron-boron) permanent magnet, is the inductive piece that creates the constant magnetic field and moves in front of the armature. The present invention therefore also provides an absorbent bar handling method for controlling the neutron flux emitted by the fuel assemblies of a nuclear reactor, preferably of the sodium-cooled fast neutron reactor ("RNR-Na") type, by translation relative to an absorbent bar relative to its sheath 15 arranged between fuel rods with the aid of a handling device according to the invention, characterized in that the free gravitational drop of the control rod of bar and the absorbent bar which is fixed to it by said gripper, using a said magnetic damping device, preferably in case of implementation of said emergency stop device.
[0016] More particularly, the reactor is automatically shut down by free gravity drop of the rod control rod and the absorbent bar secured thereto by said gripper, cutting off the power supply of a magnetic suction cup. a damping device capable of slowing down the linear displacement of an object, in particular capable of slowing down the fall (vertical displacement) of an object in the event of a free gravity fall of said object, useful in particular in a handling device according to the invention, characterized in that it comprises a magnetic damper comprising a first damper element constituted by a permanent magnet, preferably a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, said first damping element being able to slide in relative linear displacement in a second damper element of low electrical resistance materials, preferably of copper, the displacement relative element of said first damper element vis-a-vis with respect to said second damper element occurring during the linear displacement of said object, in particular of the gravity fall of said object, and being able to induce a current in said second element 3035260 A shock absorber generating a magnetic field and a force opposing said relative displacement of said first damper element with respect to said second damper element, in particular said first damper element being disposed in part at least below the first damper element; front damper means said vertical relative displacement with respect to said second damper member. More particularly, the damping device comprises: - a said first damper element integral with the said object or an element capable of being driven in linear displacement in the event of linear displacement of the said object, in particular in the event of a free gravity fall of the said object, and A second said fixed damper element and situated above a mechanical stop element for retaining said first damper element in the event of linear displacement of said object, in particular in the event of a free gravity fall of said object. More particularly still, the damping device comprises: a second damping element made of materials of low electrical resistance, preferably made of copper, in the form of a cylindrical, fixed shell, and a first damping element capable of sliding coaxially to the inside of the shell of said second damper element. This type of damping device can be useful in particular in nuclear installations requiring the management of fuels and / or radioactive waste. In particular, mention is made of securing the handling of nuclear waste drums and their placing in silos, for example. But, this type of damping device can be useful more generally in: - industrial facilities, including facilities involving the handling of chemicals; and in all equipment equipped with safety devices against the occurrence of overspeed in linear and vertical displacements such as elevators or lifts to replace the existing damping devices, as well as for securing transport on trailers or ships to cushion the movement of objects such as transported containers. Other features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent on reading the following description, given in an illustrative and nonlimiting manner, with reference to the following appended drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic vertical sectional view of an absorbent bar handling device of a prior art RNR type reactor; FIG. 1A is a diagrammatic vertical sectional view of an absorbent control bar handling device according to the present invention placed in a reactor vessel 13 containing an absorbent bar 11 positioned between two fuel assemblies 14 for illustrative purposes; FIG. 1B is a diagrammatic view in vertical section of a control bar handling device according to the present invention explaining the means for transmitting mechanical movements by contact within the upper engine compartment 2, FIG. view showing the different separate components involved in the translation of the control rod 3 including the first synchronous magnetic coupling system 6a and the magnetic suction-type automatic shut-off device 8, 20 - Figure 3 is a view showing the different components participating in the input control function of the absorbent bar 11 by the disp handling device according to the present invention including the second synchronous magnetic coupling system 6b, - Figures 4A and 4B are views in median vertical section (Fig.4A) and cross-sectional top view (Fig.4B) showing the different elements of the second synchronous magnetic coupling system 6b assembled to control the rotation of the guide shaft 7 within the sealed containment enclosure 5, - FIGS. 5A and 5B show the various components participating in the function of automatic release of the control rod 3 for the automatic shutdown of the reactor 30 comprising the different components of a magnetic damper 9 separated (FIG. 5A) and 3035260 22 assembled in normal operating mode (FIG. 5B) and in stop mode automatic reactor after gravity fall (Figure 5C), - Figure 6 shows the different parts of a gripper according to the invention, 5 - Figures 6A and 6B mo the gripping device 4 of FIG. 6 with its gripping fingers 4a in retracted position in which the upper part 11a of the absorbent bar 11 is not grasped (FIG. 6A) and in the expansion position in which the upper part 11a of the absorbent bar 11 is grasped in the blocking position by the gripping device 4 (FIG. 6B); FIG. 7 shows a magnetic suction cup 8 according to the present invention; and FIGS. 8A to 8C represent different relative positions of the control rod 3 and the gripping device 4 with respect to the absorbent control bar 11. FIG. 1A schematically shows a control bar handling device 1 according to the present invention, arranged on the slab of FIG. closure of a reactor vessel 13 in which only two fuel assemblies 14 have been shown with a control absorber bar 11 in its cylindrical housing 1 2 at the bottom of the tank. The bar control handling device 1, according to the present invention, has a vertical longitudinal axis> 0 ('disposed in the longitudinal axis of the bar housing or sleeve 12. The bar handling and control device 1 comprises a rod control rod 3 disposed in the vertical longitudinal axis> 0 ('within a guide sleeve 3a comprising cylindrical portions with circular sections extending within said vessel, above the housing 12 of the absorbent bar 11.
[0017] The rod control rod 3 comprises a grip device 4 in the form of a grapple at the lower end of the control rod 3 adapted to grip the upper end 11a of the absorbent bar 11. The handling device 1 comprises means of displacement in vertical translation of the rod control rod 3 described below. The vertical translation of the control rod 3 is intended to allow the insertion and extraction of the control rod 11 relative to its housing 12 when the upper end 11a of the control rod 11 is grasped by the gripping device 4. The guiding sheath 3a is surmounted by a fastening flange 3a-1 around its open upper end, said flange 3a-1 allowing it to be fastened to the upper flange 10b-1 of a sleeve. 10b fixing resting on the slab 10 around a cavity 10a of the closure slab 10 of the vessel 13 of the reactor, said cavity 10a being traversed by the guide sleeve 3a. An upper compartment 2 is disposed on the slab 10 by covering said cavity 10a and the guiding sheath 3a, this upper compartment 2 contains a static containment enclosure 10 made of a non-magnetic material such as a 316L type stainless steel, bell shape comprising a revolution surface with cylindrical walls 5a and 5b of the same axis of revolution as the longitudinal axis> 0 ('of the upper compartment 2 and the guiding sheath 3a.The sealed containment bell 5 is open at its base 5c at the upper opening of the guide sleeve and opposite the opening 10a 15 of the cavity within the closure slab 10. The bell 5 comprises a peripheral flange 5d at its lower end, around its open base 5c, used to make a tight attachment to the upper fixing flange 3a-1 of the guide sleeve 3a.The upper compartment 2 is delimited by a wall forming a housing 2c, closed at its lower end by the upper fixing flange 3a-1 of said guide sleeve 3a and / or the lower flange 5d of the bell 5 and / or the upper attachment flange 10b-1 of the sleeve 10b. The sealing of the fixing of the bell over the closure slab 10 is done with O-rings. It makes it possible to isolate the environment of the zone of the compartment 2 outside the bell 5 vis-à-vis the internal atmosphere of the bell 5.
[0018] The upper part of the rod control rod 3 contained in the bell 5 has a central cavity 3-1 within which a rod called guide shaft 7 extends. The upper part 7-1 of the shaft 7 is secured to the inner component of the second magnetic coupling 6-b2 (described below) within an upper portion of the bell 5 having a smaller diameter cylindrical wall 5b above the bar control rod 30. 3. The guide shaft 7 comprises in its upper portion 7-1 above the cavity 3-1 a protruding portion or bulge 7a (Figure 4A) cooperating with a guide bearing 5e of the cylindrical wall of the bell 5 so as to keep the guide shaft at a constant height and only allowing rotation of the guide shaft 7 about its longitudinal axis> OC Said central cavity 3-1 of the upper part of the control rod 3 extends to a height sufficient to allow the sliding of the control rod 3 along the guide shaft 7 allowing the insertion or extraction of the control rod 11 of its housing 12 to control the reactivity of the reactor. In practice, this deflection distance of the control bar 11 between the shutdown of the reactor when the bar 11 is fully inserted within this housing 12 and the partial extraction of the bar 11 outside the housing 12 and above it corresponds, in the absorbent bar, to the height of the part containing the radioactive material (said fissile area). The opening and closing respectively of the gripping device 4 for gripping and respectively releasing the upper end 11a of the bar 11 is done by rotation of the bar control rod 3 along its vertical longitudinal axis> 0 ( in one direction and in the opposite direction, respectively: the cooperation between the guide shaft 7 and the cavity 3-1 of the rod 3 is in sliding pivot connection.For this purpose, the guide shaft 7 has a cross-section of square shape as the cross section of the central cavity of the upper part of the control rod 3 in which the guide shaft 7 is inserted so that the rotation of the guide shaft 7 according to its vertical longitudinal axis> 0 causes rotation of the rod control rod 3. The upper compartment 2 encloses two synchronous magnetic coupling systems 6a and 6b The first synchronous magnetic coupling system 6a is adapted to transmit a vertical linear translation movement to the rod control rod 3. The second synchronous magnetic coupling system 6b is able to transmit an axial rotational movement along the vertical longitudinal axis> 0 ('of the device to the guide shaft 7.
[0019] The first magnetic coupling system 6a comprises a first external component 6a-1 comprising a first permanent magnet block constituting the "inductor" portion or the "leading" portion of the first magnetic coupling system. This block of permanent magnets consists of a coaxial stack of rings 6c-1 (FIG. 2) comprising permanent magnet rings made of neodymium-iron-boron, separated by crowns of soft iron plates forming a block of permanent magnets perforated axially as shown in Figure 2. Said rings 6c-1 are traversed by and coaxially surround the main cylindrical wall 5a of the sealed bell 5 and are able to be displaced in vertical translation along and around said cylindrical wall 5a.
[0020] The first synchronous magnetic coupling system 6a comprises a first internal component 6a-2 constituting the "driven" or "induced" part also consisting of a stack of soft iron rings 6c-2 constituting a perforated block 6a-2. axially attached to and around the upper portion of the bar control rod 3 disposed coaxially in and through the axial perforation of said soft iron crown block 6a-2. The first external component 6a-1 and the first internal component 6a-2 are arranged coaxially at the same height opposite one another on both sides of the cylindrical wall 5a of the sealed bell 5 with a reduced gap and are connected magnetically, so that when the driving portion 6a-1 moves in vertical translation, the driven portion 6a-2 follows this translational movement. Since the first inner component 6a-2 supports the load of the bar control rod 3 and, if appropriate, the control absorber bar 11, an axial shift can be observed in relation to the mass of the load supported according to the stiffness of the coupling. However, the dimensioning of the magnetic coupling is such that this offset remains minimal and in the linear part of the shift curve with respect to the load, and does not modify the rigidity of the coupling, in a manner known in the art. skilled in the art. More particularly, the load is of the order of 300 to 400 kg for the mobile equipment consisting of all the components driven in axial displacement for the handling of the absorbent bar including the bar control rod 3, the gripper. 4 and the absorbent control bar 11.All these elements of the mobile equipment are translated to a height of about 1 meter corresponding to the elevation height of the absorbent bar 11 for driving the reactor core.
[0021] In practice, the magnet and soft iron ring stacks of the block 6a-1 make it possible to achieve magnetic coupling at a coupling height of about 600 mm sufficient to obtain an offset rigidity of +/- 0.5 mm. at +/- 1 mm with a gap of 6 to 7 mm for a non-magnetic wall of 4 to 5 mm and therefore distances between the wall 5a and the first external component 6a-1 and the first internal component 6a-2 respectively, less than 1mm. The displacement in vertical translation of the first external component 6a-1 and the first synchronous magnetic coupling system 6a is made using first motorized means 2a 2a comprising a first motor 2a-1 cooperating with mechanical transmission elements. contact movement comprising a gear train 2a-2 comprising two satellite roller screws 2a-3 controlling the displacement in vertical translation of a nut 2a-4 integral with a metal support 8a. The two nuts 2a-4 of the two screw roller systems 2a-3 are therefore integral with the plate 8a sucker support 8. A "satellite roller screw" is a mechanism known to those skilled in the art ensuring the converting a rotational movement of a screw resulting from the first gear train into a translation movement of a nut by threaded helical connection of said screw and said nut.
[0022] The element referred to as the magnetic suction cup 8 generates an attractive force which magnetically links it to the first external component 6a-1, in particular to the upper closure plate 6c (FIG. 2) of the crown stack 6c-1 of the block. permanent magnets of the first external component 6a-1. As shown in FIG. 7, the magnetic suction cup 8 comprises a permanent magnet 8-1 which generates a magnetic flux which guarantees its magnetic bonding with the steel piece 6c of the upper end of the first external component 6a-1. The magnetic suction cup 8 has the same annular shape with an axial perforation 8c arranged coaxially with said first external component 6a-1 to be arranged around the cylindrical wall 5a of the bell 5 vis-à-vis the upper part 6c in the form of a ring of the first external component 6a-1. The magnetic suction cup 8 is a device that allows the automatic emergency shutdown of the reactor by triggering the electrical activation of an electromagnetic coil 8-2 coupled to said permanent magnet 8-1. The function of the electromagnetic coil 8-2 associated with the permanent magnet 8-1 is to modify the orientation of the magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet 8-1 as follows. When the electromagnetic coil 8-2 is powered by an electric current, the magnetic flux 8-2 'of the electromagnetic coil 8-2 thus generated serves to modify the magnetic flux 8-1' which holds the permanent magnet 8-1 stuck to the metal plate 6c of the upper end of the first outer component 6a-1 which piece 6c is thus subjected to the significant attraction force of the magnet 8-1. When the electromagnetic coil 8-2 is no longer supplied with electric current, the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 8-1 adopts a direction 8-1 "which no longer passes through the plate 6c which causes the release of the first external component 6a-1 To avoid a sticking phenomenon by magnetic remanence between the magnet 8-1 and the plate 3035260 27 6c, spring ejectors can be added between the suction cup 8 and the closure plate 6c. For the same reasons of avoidance of sticking by magnetic remanence effect, it is important to position a gap of millimeter between the magnet 8-1 and the plate 6c.
[0023] The magnetic suction cup 8 is therefore in accordance with the requirements of nuclear safety which requires that the automatic shutdown mechanism of the reactor is triggered in case of breakage of the power supply. The magnetic suction cup 8 for the automatic shutdown of the reactor cooperates with a magnetic damping device 9 whose structure and operation are explained below. The handling device 1 according to the present invention comprises a magnetic shock absorber device 9 consisting, as shown in FIGS. 5A to 5C: of an inductor block 9-1 formed of a stack of permanent magnet crowns of neodymium-iron-boron integral with a metal part 6c '(FIGS. 5A-5C) at the lower end of the first external component 6a-1 of the first magnetic coupling system 6a having a hollow tubular shape whose central perforation 9c is traversed by said cylindrical wall 5a of the sealing bell 5, and - of an induced portion 9-2 in the form of a cylindrical copper ferrule of larger diameter than the tubular block 9-1, arranged coaxially to the longitudinal axis) 0 ('and 20 fixed on the lower flange 5d of the sealing bell 5. In case of fall of the first external component when it is released by deactivation of the magnetic sucker 8 as described above. above, the magnetic block 9-1 of the magnetic damper placed under the first external component 6a-1 of the first linear coupling system is found in relative displacement coaxial with and within the fixed lower inductive element 9- 2. The relative displacement of the magnetic mass 9-1 with respect to the mass of low electrical resistance 9-2 gives rise, due to the variation of the magnetic flux, in known manner, to Laplace forces which oppose said relative displacement. , the retarding braking efficiency of the falling magnetic portion 9-1 being proportional to its coaxial displacement velocity relative to the induced metal part 9-2.
[0024] In practice, in the configuration of the device according to the present invention, during the deactivation of the magnetic latch 8 to create the fall of the first external component 6a1 and the elements of the mobile equipment which are magnetically bonded to it, the penetration of the permanent magnet element 9-1 of the magnetic damper in the zone of influence 5 of the conducting element 9-2 generates sufficient braking to minimize the impact of the mechanical stop of the lower end of the block of 9-1 magnet against the lower flange 5d peripheral to the base of the bell 5 and inside the ferrule 9-2. In practice, the copper ferrule 9-2 extends over a height h3 of about 600 mm. The final speed of the mobile equipment before stopping on mechanical stop is about 0.2 m / s.
[0025] The maximum outer diameter of the cylindrical wall 5a of the bell 5 is about 150mm. The inner diameter of the 9-2 copper ferrule is about 200-250mm. As shown in FIG. 5C at the end of the fall of the mobile equipment of all the components 6a-1 and 9-1, the lower end 6c 'of the first external component 6a-1 arrives just above from the upper end of the copper ferrule 9-2 after insertion of the magnetic inductor portion 9-1 into the annular space between the cylindrical wall 5a and the copper ferrule 9-2. The second synchronous magnetic coupling system 6b controls the rotation of the guide bar 7 along its longitudinal axis 0 ('causing the rod 3 rod to rotate simultaneously with respect to its longitudinal axis) 0 ( The second magnetic coupling system 6b comprises, as shown in FIGS. 4A and 4B: a second internal component 6b-2 with a circular section consisting of an assembly of soft iron elements arranged side by side at the same radial distance from the longitudinal axis 25) 0 '(' fixed coaxially against the upper part 7-1 of the guide bar 7, inside the bell 5, at the level of an upper compartment with a cylindrical wall 5b of smaller diameter than the main cylindrical wall 5a, the contour of each of said elements each having a shape 6d-2 having the same section of an arc of a circle, preferably similarly and a second outer component 6b-1 arranged coaxially outside and facing the upper cylindrical wall 5b of the sealing bell 5 and facing each other. of the second internal component 6b-2, said second external component 6b-1 consisting of an assembly of permanent magnet elements neodymium-iron-boron separated by soft iron elements arranged side by side on the same radial distance from said side wall of revolution 5b of the enclosure, the contour of each of said elements each having a shape 6d-1 of circular arc section, preferably of the same arcuate section.
[0026] Said second external component 6b-1 is mounted so as to be mechanically drivable in rotation along its axis> 0 ('because it is integral with a pinion 6-1 driven in rotation by the gearing of gears of the second gear train 2b-2 actuated by a second motor 2b-1, the set of second motorized rotation means 2b, 2b-1, 2b-2 are located in the upper compartment 2 outside the Thus, the second rotary coupling system 6b is not part of the gravity-falling mobile equipment during the automatic shutdown of the reactor by deactivation of the magnetic suction cup 8. The device 4 at the lower end of the bar control rod 3 is operable in opening and closing to grip and release the upper end 11a of the control absorbent bar 11, by rotation of the control rod of bar 3. That This results from the actuation of the second rotating coupling system 6b. More specifically, as shown in FIG. 6, the gripping device 4 comprises a first element 4-1 fastened to the lower end of the bar control rod 3 comprising a threaded male portion 4-la and a non-threaded lower portion, disposed under the thread 4-1a, having a larger diameter portion 4-lb and a lower end portion of smaller diameter 4-1c. The first part 4-1 of the gripper 4 is adapted to cooperate by screwing with a second portion 4-2 having a thread 42a. The second part 4-2 supports a plurality of longitudinal fingers 4a distributed evenly about the longitudinal axis> 0 ('of the rod control rod 3 when the gripper is mounted at its lower end, screwing the second part 4 -2 at the thread 4-la of the first part 4-1.Activation of the rotation of the rod control rod 3 causes the rotation of the first portion 4-1 of the gripper 4 which allows, according to the in the direction of rotation, to lower or raise the female part 4-2, the tapping 4-2a of which cooperates with the thread 4-la of the first part 4-1, the fingers 4a each comprise a lower end of the spigot type formed by an outwardly facing shoulder 4b The flexible fingers 4a are held in the retracted position as close as possible to the area of reduced diameter 4-1c by a lower abutment surface 3035260 of a lower part 4c of a third piece 4 -3 covering the de This piece 4-3 comprises a tubular upper part 4-3a, a conical bottom part 4c and intermediate longitudinal connecting elements connecting the parts 4-3a and 4c. Openwork zones 4-3c between the longitudinal elements 4-3b allow the radial expansion of the fingers 4a. Two flats positioned, one 4-2b on the part 4-2, the other 4-3d on the part 4-3 serve to block rotation of the 4-2 during translation and thus transform the helical link in slide connection. The flexible fingers 4a are held in the retracted position by said abutment surface of the part 4c when the female part 4-2 is positioned in its lowest position relative to the first part 4-1 at the thread 4 1a. The relative rotation of the part 4-1 with respect to the part 4-2 in one direction causes the part 4-2 to rise towards the upper end of the thread 4-la, which makes it possible to disengage the lugs 4b retained by the abutment surface 4c and spread in radial expansion relative to each other, the fingers 4a when the lugs 4b meet the enlarged diameter surface 4-lb of the first part 4-1. An upper portion 4-4 of the gripping device is integral with the upper end of the upper part of the part 4-3. This portion 4-4 has a shape adapted to cooperate with notches at the lower end of the guide sleeve 3a so as to prevent the relative rotation of the part 4-3 with respect to the rod 3. To grasp the bar of control 11, inserting the gripper 4 in the retracted position in the upper cavity 11a of the control bar 11; then, the rod control rod 3 is rotated so as to cause rotation of the part 4-1 with respect to the part 4-2 which is helically connected with the part 4-1 is moved in 25 vertical translation upwards so that: - the lugs 4b and the fingers 4a are no longer in abutment against the bearing surface 4c of the lower body 4-3 of the gripper 4 and expand in radial expansion to find their shapes the origin of which is no longer constrained in the retracted position, and - by coming back into the inner housing 11a at the upper end of the control rods 11, the lugs 4b have an outer face 4d which cooperates with an abutment surface device 11b of the inner housing 11a which, by rotation of the bar control rod 3, blocks the gripper 4 within the cavity 11a of the upper portion of the control bar 11 as shown in FIG. 6B. To separate the gripper 4 from the control bar 11, a rotation in the opposite direction is effected which has the effect of lowering the piece 4-2 and detaching the lugs 4b from the bearing surface 11b of the bar. control 11. The rotation of the control rod 3 causing the descent of the part 4-2 is performed until the lugs 4b cooperate again with the abutment surfaces 4c of the lower part 4-3 and are maintained in retracted position then releasing the gripper 4 from the upper housing 11a of the control bar 11 by upward vertical translation thereof with the first synchronous translation coupling system 6a. The fingers 4a of the gripper 4 are flexible at the upper part on the outer part 4-2 and the set of lugs 4b at the lower ends of the fingers 4a have an outer surface of conical shape cooperating with a conical complementary surface 4c of the room 4-3.
[0027] The guiding sheath 3a comprises a guiding bearing 3c adapted to cooperate with a locking device 3b of the bayonet-type device allowing the locking of the bar control rod 3 when the latter is in the high position. A translation and rotation of the rod control rod 3 makes it possible to unlock the rod control rod 3 in the up position as shown in FIG. 8A and then to allow its downward vertical translation to grip an absorbent control rod 11 at the interior of its housing 12 shown in Figure 8B and perform a variable translation upwards, said absorbent control bar 11 to allow and control the reactor activity as shown in Figure 8C. The mechanical locking device 3b in the high position by a bayonet system makes it possible to prevent the fall of the bar control rod 3 even in the event of power failure of the magnetic suction cup 8 and thus makes it possible to dismantle the upper compartment. 2 maintenance leaving the bar control rod 3 within the guide sleeve 3a. The mechanical locking device in the upper position of the bar control rod comprises, in a known manner, locking lugs 30 cooperating with notches in a groove of the bearing 3c inside the guide sleeve when the rod 3 is positioned in rotation so that the lugs coincide with said notches. A safety ring makes it possible to keep said latches 3035260 32 locked in their notches, said ring cooperating with holding springs and being able to be disengaged by upper translation of the assembly when the device is unlocked. A frame 2d constitutes a mechanical structure of the compartment 2 which supports and guides all the elements of the mobile equipment above the closure slab 10 and on which are fixed the sheets forming the wall of the housing 2c of the compartment 2 The assembly of the walls 2c of the upper compartment 2, cylindrical wall 5a-5b of the sealing bell 5, first external component 6a-1 and first internal component 6a-2, elements 8-1 and 8-2 of the suction cup magnetic element 8 and elements 9-1 and 9-2 of the device 10 magnetic damper 9 as well as the second outer component 6b-2 and second inner component 6b-1, guide sleeve 3a, bar control tube 3 and guide bar 7 are all arranged coaxially along the vertical longitudinal axis) 0 ('of the device, several guide bearings 3d, 3e provide axial guidance of the rod control rod 3 within the guiding sheath 3a.The upper bearing 3c is under 15 atmosphere of argon and sup carries the locking device in the upper position of the rod control rod 3. The fixing of the lower flange 5d of the bell 5 on an upper flange of the sleeve 10b or the guide tube 3a is made by means of two O-rings sealing.
[0028] To avoid a residual risk of clogging the air gap (clearance) between the bell and said first internal component of the magnetic coupling in translation, it is possible to establish a counter-pressure of argon inside the bell 5 to to prevent a possible rise of sodium aerosol and / or to heat this zone to 100 ° C. so as to avoid the risk of solid aerosol deposits which could block the vertical translation of the internal elements of the mobile equipment, namely the first internal component 6a-2 secured to the rod control rod 3 which is made without contact with the wall 5a and by magnetic connection with the first external component 6a-1 of the first synchronous synchronous magnetic coupling system 6a. The synchronous gearmotors 2a-1 and 2b-1 associated with their respective gear train 2a-2 and 2b-2 cooperate with position sensors (not shown) which ensure the control of the translation of the mobile equipment into the compartment area 3035260 33 upper 2 outside the bell 5 and the rotation of the bar control rod. These sensors in particular control the positions of the outer portion 6a-1 of the first magnetic coupling system 6a in translation between translational travel limit positions and the rotational position of the rod rod between limit positions 5 of the clamps 4b. of the gripper 4 in retracted position and position of expansion and locking on abutment surfaces 11b of the upper housing 11a of the control absorbent bar 11. As an illustration, the device 1 is dimensioned as follows: - the external diameter of the wall 2c of the upper compartment 2 is about 350 mm; the outer diameter of the widest part of the guide sleeve is about 300 mm; the total length L of the guide sleeve extending below the closure slab 10 of the tank 13 is approximately L = approximately 10 m; The height H1 of the upper compartment 2 is about H1 = 4 m, and the height H2 of the bell 5 inside the upper compartment 2 is about H 2 = 3 m.

权利要求:
Claims (15)
[0001]
REVENDICATIONS1. Absorber bar handling device (1) for the control of a nuclear reactor, preferably a sodium-cooled fast neutron reactor ("RNR") comprising: - an upper engine compartment (2) placed on the slab (10) for closing the vessel (13) of the reactor, containing motorized means for transmitting control of the displacements (2a, 2b) of a first rod called rod control rod (3), - said rod of bar control (3) extending for its upper part in said upper engine compartment (2) and for its lower part in a guide sleeve (3a) extending within said tank, passing through a cavity ( 10a) of the closure slab (10) of the reactor vessel, and - an absorbent bar gripper (4) attached to the lower end of said rod control rod (3), said gripper (4) being able to grip the upper end upper (11a) of an absorbent bar (11) arranged in the extension of and in alignment with the bar control rod (3), - an emergency stop device (8) of the reactor capable of causing the fall gravity in the reactor of the rod control rod and said absorbent bar (11) when it is grasped by said gripper (4) at the lower end of the rod control rod, and - a fall-damping device (9) able to slow down the fall in the rod control rod reactor, in the event of a free gravity drop of said bar control rod, in particular when said automatic shut-off device (8) ) of the reactor authorizes the gravitational fall of said rod control rod, characterized in that said drop-damping device (9) comprises a magnetic damper comprising a first damper element (9-1) consisting of a magnet permanent, preferably a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, the first damping element being slidable in relative displacement vis-à-vis a second damping element (9-2) made of materials of low electrical resistance, preferably of copper, preferably arranged in part at least below the first damper element (9-1) before a said relative displacement with respect to the said second damper element, the relative displacement of the said first damper element (9-1) vis-a-vis the said second damper element (9-2) intervening during the gravitational fall of said bar control rod, and being able to induce a current in said second damper element generating a magnetic field and an opposing force relative movement of said first damper element relative to said second damper element.
[0002]
2. Device according to claim 1 characterized in that said damping device (9) falling constituting a magnetic damper comprises: - a said first damper element (9-1) integral with said bar control rod and / or capable of being driven in a gravity fall, in the event of a free gravitational fall of said bar control rod, and - a said second damping element (9-2) fixed and situated above an element of the said reactor that can serve as a mechanical stop for retaining said first damper element in case of free gravity drop of said rod control rod. 15
[0003]
3. Device according to claim 1 or 2 characterized in that said damping device (9) falling constituting a magnetic damper comprises: - a said first damper element (9-1) integral with a member (6a-1) said motorized transmission means for controlling the displacements of the control rod (2a, 2b), and capable of being driven in a gravity fall within said upper compartment, in the event of a free gravitational fall of said bar control rod, and - a said second damper element (9-2) fixed and located above an element (5d) of said upper compartment that can serve as a mechanical stop for retaining said first damper element in case of a gravity fall free of the said bar control rod.
[0004]
4. Device according to claim 2 or 3 characterized in that said damping device (9) falling constituting a magnetic damper comprises: - a second damper element (9-2) of low electrical resistance materials, preferably copper , in the form of a cylindrical shell, fixed, arranged coaxially (> 0 (') in the lower part of said upper compartment (2), and 3035260 36 - a first damper element (9-1) able to slide coaxially to the inside the ferrule of said second damper element.
[0005]
5. Device according to one of claims 1 to 4 characterized in that it comprises: - a static containment chamber sealed (5) of non-magnetic material 5 disposed within said upper compartment, bell-shaped, comprising a wall lateral section of revolution (5a, 5b), preferably cylindrical, open at its base (5c) sealingly attached to the closure slab (10) of the reactor vessel around the cavity (10a) of said closure slab (10) traversed by said guiding sheath (3a), - a first synchronous magnetic coupling system (6a) for linear translational motion transmission without mechanical contact comprising: - a first external component (6a-1) comprising a permanent magnet block, preferably consisting of an alternation of permanent magnets separated by soft ferromagnetic elements, said block being disposed within said upper engine compartment (2) outside the said confinement enclosure (5), and able to be displaced in vertical translation, and - a first internal component (6a-2) comprising at least one soft ferromagnetic element, disposed within said confinement enclosure (5), secured to the upper portion of said bar control rod (3), the magnetic coupling force of said first external component (6a-1) and said first internal component (6a-2) permitting when the first external component ( 6a-1) is displaced in said vertical translation that said first internal component (6a-2) and the bar control rod (3) follow a displacement in said vertical translation, - said engine compartment (2) comprising first motorized mechanical means for transmitting displacements in vertical translation (2a) of said first external component (6a-1) of said first magnetic coupling system (6a).
[0006]
6. Device according to claim 5 characterized in that said damper device (9) comprises: - a second damper element (9-2) in the form of a cylindrical shell, fixed, arranged coaxially in the lower part of said upper compartment to the outside of said enclosure, preferably arranged fixed on a lower flange (5d) of the sealing bell (5), and - a first damper element consisting of a permanent magnet fixed coaxially to said first component external of said first magnetic coupling system, adapted to slide coaxially inside the shell of said second damper element in the annular space between said ferrule and the cylindrical side wall (5a) of said enclosure, when said automatic shutdown device of the reactor allows the release of said first component of said first magnetic coupling system, preferably, preferably said first the damper element being in the form of an inductor block 9-1 formed of a stack of permanent magnet rings at the lower end of said first external component (6a-1) of the first magnetic coupling system (6a ) having a hollow tubular shape whose central perforation (9c) is traversed by said cylindrical wall (5a) of the sealing bell 5.
[0007]
7. Device according to claim 5 or 6 characterized in that it comprises: a said upper engine compartment (2) comprising second motorized mechanical means for transmitting rotational movements (2b) of the said control rod of bar (3) along its longitudinal axis (> 0 ('); and - a said gripper (4) operable to grip or respectively release the end (11a) of said control bar (11) by rotation of said bar control rod (3) along its longitudinal axis (> 0 (').
[0008]
8. Device according to claim 7 characterized in that it comprises a second rod (7) called guide shaft, inserted into a central cavity (3-1) of the upper part of said rod control rod (3) preferably in the longitudinal axis of the sidewall of revolution (5b) of said sealed containment enclosure, said control rod (3) being slidable relative to said guide shaft (7) when is actuated in translation by said first magnetic coupling system (6a), said guide shaft being locked in vertical translation and adapted to be rotated about its longitudinal axis (> 0 ('), said guide shaft being adapted to cooperate with said central cavity so that the rotation of the guide shaft about its longitudinal axis (> 0 (') causes the rotation of the bar control rod about its longitudinal axis (> 0 (' 3035260 38
[0009]
9. Device according to claim 8 characterized in that it comprises a second synchronous magnetic coupling system (6b) rotational motion transmission without mechanical contact comprising: - a second internal component (6b-2) comprising at least one soft ferromagnetic element 5, disposed within said sealed confinement enclosure (5), fixed in vertical translation, able to be displaced in rotation along the longitudinal axis (> 0 (') of said enclosure (5), integral said guide shaft (7), fixed in vertical translation, and - a second external component (6b-1) comprising a permanent magnet block, preferably consisting of an alternation of permanent magnets and soft ferromagnetic elements. , said block being disposed within said engine upper compartment (2) outside said sealed containment enclosure (5), and able to be displaced in rotation along the longitudinal axis (> 0 (') from the wall the revolution chamber (5a) of the sealed containment enclosure, and the magnetic coupling force of said second external component (6b-1) and second internal component (6b-2) of said second magnetic coupling system allowing when said second external component (6b-1) is moved in said rotation that said second internal component (6b-2) and said rod control rod (3) follow the same displacement in said rotation along their same longitudinal axis, said upper engine compartment (2) comprising second motorized mechanical means for transmitting said rotation (2b) of said second external component (6b-1) along the longitudinal axis (> 0 (') of the wall; lateral revolution (5a) of the sealed containment enclosure, said upper compartment (2) preferably containing mechanical gear transmission means of gear-type gears. 25
[0010]
10. Device according to one of claims 5 to 8 characterized in that it comprises an emergency shutdown device of the reactor comprising a component called magnetic sucker (8) comprising a permanent magnet (8-1) combined with a electromagnetic coil (8-2) within said upper motor compartment (2) outside said sealed containment enclosure (5) so that: - said magnetic suction cup (8) is secured to a support suction cup (8a), said engine compartment (2) comprising first motorized transmission means (2a) for controlling translational movements of said suction cup support; the electrical activation (8-2 ') of the said electromagnetic coil (8-2) modifies the magnetic field (8-1') generated by the magnet (8-1) of the said magnetic suction cup which closes on a metal part (6c) of said first external component (6a-1) of the first magnetic coupling system (6a) and creates a magnetic bonding connection between said magnetic suction cup (8) and the first external component (6a-1 ) of the first magnetic coupling system thus ensuring the displacement in translation of said first external component (6a-1) by displacement of said suction cup support (8a), and the absence of electrical activation (8 ") of said electromagnetic coil reestablishes the magnetic field of the magnet of said magnetic suction cup which field is no longer directed on said metal part (6c) of the first external component of the first magnetic coupling system and thus causes the gravitational fall of said first system of accouplemen t magnetic (6a-1, 6a-2) and therefore the gravity drop of said absorbent bar (11) when it is grasped by said gripper (4) at the lower end of the rod control rod .
[0011]
11. Device according to one of claims 5 to 10 characterized in that said gripper (4) at the lower end of the rod control rod (3) forms a grapple comprising a plurality of fingers (4a) arranged in the the direction of the axis () X) of the rod control rod in the retracted position and able to pivot or bend to deviate angularly from the axis of the rod control rod (3) and / or radially expand, in a reversible manner, under the axial rotation action of the bar control rod (3), to cooperate with an upper portion (11a) of the absorbent bar (11) and lock therein to grip the absorbent bar. 25
[0012]
12. Device according to one of claims 5 to 11 characterized in that said first linear translational motion transmission coupling system (6a) comprises: a first external component (6a-1) consisting of a permanent magnet block arranged coaxially with said sidewall of revolution, in the form of a stack of 30 crowns (6c) of permanent magnets, preferably made of neodymium-iron-boron alloy, separated by crowns of plates of soft iron, and 3035260 40 - a first internal component (6a-2) arranged coaxially with said side wall of the enclosure (5) and consisting of at least one stack of soft iron rings fixed to the upper part of the control rod rod (3), and - said second magnetic coupling system (6b) for rotational movement transmission comprises: - a second external component (6b-1) consisting of an annular permanent magnet block arranged coaxially with the said by oi lateral revolution (5b) of the enclosure, preferably a rare earth neodymium-iron-boron alloy, and - a second internal component (6b-2) consisting of at least one soft iron element 10 partially fixed upper (7-1) of said guide shaft (7) disposed coaxially with said side wall of revolution of the enclosure.
[0013]
13. damping device adapted to slow down the linear movement (9) of an object, in particular able to slow down the fall of an object in case of free gravity fall of said useful object in particular in a handling device according to one of claims 1 at 12, 15 characterized in that it comprises a magnetic damper comprising a first damper element (9-1) consisting of a permanent magnet, preferably a neodymium-iron-boron alloy, said first damping element being suitable sliding relative linearly relative to a second damping element (9-2) made of materials of low electrical resistance, preferably of copper, the relative displacement of said first damping element (9- 1) vis-à-vis with respect to said second damper element (9-2) intervening during said linear displacement of said object, and being able to induce a current in said second damping element generating a cham p magnetic and a force opposing said relative displacement of said first damper element with respect to said second damper element. 25
[0014]
14. Device according to claim 13 characterized in that it comprises: - a said first damper element (9-1) integral with said object or an element (61a) adapted to be driven in linear displacement in case of displacement linear of said object, and - a said second damper element (9-2) fixed and located above a mechanical retaining stop element (5d) of said first damper element in case of linear displacement of said object. 3035260 41
[0015]
15. Device according to claim 13 or 14, characterized in that it comprises: a second damper element (9-2) made of materials of low electrical resistance, preferably of copper, in the form of a cylindrical shell, which is fixed, and a first damping element (9-1) able to slide coaxially inside the shell of said second damping element.

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同族专利:

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公开号 | 公开日

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US20160307652A1|2016-10-20|

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EP3082131B1|2017-08-23|

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EP3082131A1|2016-10-19|

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FR3035260B1|2017-05-05|

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RU2016113141A|2017-10-10|

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FR3035259A1|2016-10-21|

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CN106057254B|2018-05-01|

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RU2016113141A3|2019-09-09|

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JP2016206180A|2016-12-08|

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CN106057254A|2016-10-26|

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FR3035259B1|2017-04-28|

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KR20160122665A|2016-10-24|

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CN110253480B|2019-06-26|2020-12-04|中国核动力研究设计院|Mounting tool for welding seam sealing device of control rod driving mechanism|

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GB2593791A|2020-12-03|2021-10-06|Rolls Royce Plc|Integrated head package|

法律状态:
2016-06-27| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |

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2016-10-21| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20161021 |

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2017-06-28| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |

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2017-11-24| CD| Change of name or company name|Owner name: ONET TECHNOLOGIES CN, FR Effective date: 20171019 Owner name: COMMISSARIAT A L'ENERGIE ATOMIQUE ET AUX ENERG, FR Effective date: 20171019 |

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2018-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |

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2019-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |

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2020-06-25| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |

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2021-06-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |

优先权:

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申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题

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FR1553250A|FR3035259B1|2015-04-14|2015-04-14|ABSORBENT BAR HANDLING DEVICE FOR CONTROLLING A NUCLEAR REACTOR.|

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